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Substances, plants and mushrooms

The list contains the most frequently asked about and most common causes of poisoning in humans. You can search for items by typing in a search word. If you do not find the item you are looking for, you may call the Poison Information Center 0800 147 111 to check if it is poisonous.

Plant and mushroom species and genera are listed depending on whether all species of a genus are poisonous or only some. Unfortunately, the Poison Information Center is not able to identify plants and mushrooms over the phone. Identification should always take place on the spot.

In addition to books on mushroom identification, mushroom experts can help you identify mushrooms. Experts can be found via mycological societies and the Martha Organization, for example.

To Poison Information Center's main page

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Soap

Substances

Keywords: Shampoo, hand soap, shower gel

When accidentally ingested, the dose is typically small. No treatment is required. Rinse the mouth. Avoid copious drinking because of excessive foaming. 

Soda

Substances

Keywords: Corrosive substances, smelling salt

Baking soda (sodium bicarbonite). Does not require treatment when ingested in small amounts (one teaspoon).​ If the ingested amount is greater, contact the Poison Information Centre to confirm toxicity.​

Washing soda (sodium carbonite) is corrosive substance. It is used for example in paint removals and smelling salts.​

Sodium fluoride

Substances

Keywords: Fludent®, Xerodent®

Doses of less than 20 fluoride tablets per kg of body weight (0.25mg tablets) are considered harmless. Sufficient treatment includes not taking fluoride tablets for a period of time corresponding to the recommended daily dose and the actual ingested amount. The products contain sweeteners, which may cause gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhoea.

If the ingested amount is more than 20 tablets per kg of body weight, contact the Poison Information Centre to confirm toxicity.

Sodium nitrite

Substances

Highly toxic. Always contact the Poison Information Centre to confirm toxicity.

Soil

Substances

A single dose is considered harmless. Does not require treatment.​

Spanish fennel flower (Nigella hispanica)

Plants

The plant is toxic, but ingesting a small amount rarely causes symptoms.

Sparklers

Substances

Sucking on a sparkler does not carry a risk of poisoning. Sparklers contain barium nitrate, among other substances, which causes gastrointestinal symptoms if swallowed. Seek medical attention if the symptoms are severe.

Spider flower (Cleome spinosa)

Plants

The plant is non-toxic.

Styrofoam

Substances

​Styrofoam is not toxic when ingested, but may cause suffocation if the swallowed pieces are large.​

Sweet pea (Lathyrus odoratus)

Plants

The plant is toxic, but ingesting a small amount rarely causes symptoms.

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